Category: COSTUMES & IDENTITY

The red veil (khăn phủ diện) is not merely a ritual implement but a symbol imbued with profound spiritual significance within the Mother Goddess Belief of the Three Palaces (Đạo Mẫu Tam Phủ). Placed over the head of the medium (đồng nhân) prior to ea...

Hầu đồng is a form of possession in which deities of the Four Palaces descend into the medium, re-embodying the image of the Holy Mothers and Saints as they appear among humans, close to earthly life. Because of the cultural diversity across regions,...

1. The Rank of Great Mandarins The costumes comprise five colors: a red robe for the First Mandarin, a blue robe for the Second Mandarin, a white robe for the Third Mandarin, a yellow robe for the Fourth Mandarin, and a light-blue robe for the Fifth ...

Vietnam’s Mother Goddess Worship (Đạo Mẫu) was inscribed by UNESCO in December 2016 as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. When speaking of this tradition, one cannot fail to mention the ritual of lên đồng (spirit possession), a unique, myst...

Attending a hầu đồng session is like exploring a living museum, where layers of colors and symbols emerge through the incarnations of deities descending into the bodies of mediums—expressed via ritual songs (hát văn), music, dance movements, and espe...